¿The findings of this study [...] can be summarized as follows: 1. Developing countries have been and continue to be recipients of a large amount of germplasm samples from IARCs, receiving more in numbers of germplasm samples from IARC genebanks than they contributed. 2. Developing countries receive significantly more germplasm samples from IARC genebanks than
developed countries. 3. Large numbers of improved germplasm samples also flow in nurseries sent by IARC breeding programs to developing countries. The provision of this material is also skewed in favor of developing countries, if compared to developed countries. 4. Distributions of germplasm from IARC genebanks and nurseries to private companies appear minor for the crops included here.
5. The number of accessions added to ex situ collections annually by CGIAR centers is small and
decreasing. It is insignificant in comparison with the quantity of germplasm samples being distributed from genebanks and breeding programs. 6. Material provided to CGIAR centers is not ¿lost.¿ A duplicate is typically deposited by the collector in the source country¿s conservation system. It may also continue to be kept and used within the farming communities of the source country. 7. Restoration of germplasm following accidents, natural disasters, war and civil strife, has assisted a large number of countries recover material earlier provided to the IARCs. No precise data is available regarding the number of materials provided in these circumstances."